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Wood defects木材缺陷图解

 wood defects木材缺陷图解


活节(针叶圆木) live knot(softwood log)

活节(针叶锯材) live knot(softwood lumber)

活节(阔叶圆木) live knot(hardwood log )

活节(阔叶锯材) live knot(hardwood lumber)

死节(针叶锯材) dead knot(softwood lumber)

死节(阔叶圆木) dead knot(hardwood log )

死节(阔叶锯材) dead knot(hardwood lumber)

健全节(针叶圆木) sound knot(softwood log)

健全节(阔叶圆木) sound knot(hardwood log )

健全节(阔叶锯材) sound knot(hardwood log )

腐朽节(针叶圆木) decayed knot(softwood log)

腐朽节(针叶锯材) decayed knot(softwood lumber)

腐朽节(阔叶锯材) decayed knot(hardwood log )

漏节(针叶圆木) empty knot(softwood log)

漏节(针叶锯材) empty knot(softwood lumber)


漏节(阔叶圆木) empty knot(hardwood log )

圆形节 round knot

圆形节(椭圆形节) round knot(oval knot)

条状节(外延形) spike knot(epitaxial)

条状节(内含型)spike knot(included)

散生节(针叶圆木)diffused knots in softwood log

散生节(针叶锯材)diffused knots in softwood log

散生节(阔叶圆木)diffused knots in hardwood log

散生节(阔叶锯材)diffused knots in hardwood lumber

轮生节(锯材) whorl knot(lumber)

群生节(圆材)group of knots in log

群生节(锯材)group of knots in lumber

岔节(针叶圆木) forked ed knot(softwood log)

岔节(阔叶圆木) fored knot(hardwood log )

岔节(阔叶锯材) fored knot(hardwood log )

材面节 face knot

材边节 edge knot

贯通节 through-knot

化学变色(圆木) chemical stain(log)

化学变色(锯材) chemical stain(lumber)

霉菌变色 discoloration by mould

变色菌变色(锯材) discoloration caused by stain fungi(lumber)

腐朽菌变色(圆木)discoloration caused by decay fungi(log)

腐朽菌变色(锯材)discoloration caused by decay fungi(lumber)

白腐(海绵状) white rot(sponginess)

白腐(层状) white rot(lamellar corrosion)

褐腐 brown rot

边材腐朽(端面、局部) sap rot(end face、part)

边材腐朽(端面、环状) sap rot(end face、ring)

边材腐朽(材身、整圈) sap rot(stem、full circle)

心材腐朽(局部) heart rot(part)

心材腐朽(弧状) heart rot(arc-like)

心材腐朽(环状) heart rot(ring-like)

根部腐朽(空心状) butt rot(hollow)

根部腐朽(非空心状) butt rot(not hollow)

根部腐朽(外夹皮引起) butt rot(cause by opened bark)

根部腐朽(偏枯引起) butt rot(cause by scar)

干部腐朽(外夹皮引起) trunk rot(cause by bark pocket)

表面虫眼和虫沟 surface insect-hole and insect-canal

小虫眼(圆材) small insect hole(log)

小虫眼(锯材) small insect hole(lumber)

大虫眼(锯材) large insect hole(lumber)

径裂(单径裂) heart check(single heart shake)

径裂(复径裂) heart checks(doubled heart shakes)

环裂(轮裂) ring-check(ring shaped)

冻裂(阔叶材) frost crack(hardwood)

冻裂(针叶材) frost crack(softwood)

干裂(端裂) drying checks(end-check)

干裂(纵裂) drying checks(along grain)

贯通裂(锯材) through-check (lumber)

劈裂 split checks

炸裂 popping checks

材面裂 face checks

端面裂 end checks

单向弯曲 single curve

多向弯曲 multiple curve

尖削 taper

凹兜 concave stump

树瘤 cancer

斜纹(圆木) diagonal grain(log)

斜纹(锯材) diagonal grain(lumber)

涡纹 swirl grain

应压木 compression wood

应拉木 tension wood

髓心 pith

树脂囊(圆木) resin pocket(log)

树脂囊(锯材) resin pocket(lumber)

伪心材 false heartwood

内含边材 included sapwood

水层(锯材) aqueous layer(lumber)

工具及机械损伤(锯口伤) tool and mechanical damage(cut defects)

工具及机械损伤(未脱落劈裂) tool and mechanical damage(split check attached)

工具及机械损伤(已脱落劈裂) tool and mechanical damage(split check detached)

工具及机械损伤(摔伤) tool and mechanical damage(felling damage)

工具及机械损伤(磨伤) tool and mechanical damage(abrasion damage)

工具及机械损伤(立木磨伤)tool and mechanical damage(standing-tree abrasiond amage)

鸟、兽损伤(啄木鸟眼) defects caused by bird or beast

烧伤(立木) burned damage(stumpage)

烧伤(倒木) burned damage(falling trees)

内夹皮(圆材) included bark (log)

内夹皮(锯材)included bark (lumber)

外夹皮(材身) bark pochet (stem)

偏枯(根部) one side dry-rot (stump)

偏枯(端部) one side dry-rot (end face)

偏枯(材身) one side dry=rrot (stem)

树包(径切面) knob(radial section)

风折木 wind damage

树脂漏(圆木) resinous wood(log)

树脂漏(锯材) resinous wood(lumber)

钝棱 waney edge

瓦棱状锯痕 deep saw mark

波状纹 ripple mark

毛刺糙面 rough saw cut

顺弯 bow

横弯 crook

翘弯 cupping

扭曲 twisting
参考文献:
[1]黑龙江省森工管理干部学院,木材缺陷图谱(照片),1992年。


发布时间:2010-05-12
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